From Spreadsheet Workarounds to an Innovation Experiment: Co-Creating a Clinical Placement Planning Prototype in Nursing Education

Authors

  • Christian Markus Munich University of Applied Sciences, Department of Social Sciences, MUC.HEALTH – Munich Campus for Health and Engineering, Landsbergerstraße 187, 80687 Munich, Germany
  • Leila Wanner Munich University of Applied Sciences, Department of Social Sciences, MUC.HEALTH – Munich Campus for Health and Engineering, Landsbergerstraße 187, 80687 Munich, Germany
  • Andreas Fraunhofer Munich University of Applied Sciences, Department of Social Sciences, MUC.HEALTH – Munich Campus for Health and Engineering, Landsbergerstraße 187, 80687 Munich, Germany https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2247-8151

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23726/cij.2026.1760

Keywords:

Nursing Education, Clinical Placement Planning, Software Prototype, Usability Evaluation, Requirements Engineering, Health Innovation, Blue Ocean Strategy

Abstract

The reform of nursing education in Germany increased demands on clinical placement planning. Within a publicly funded research and development (R&D) project supported by a state health ministry in Germany, a software prototype was iteratively developed at a University of Applied Sciences with a model region. Prior studies and practice reports suggest that existing digital tools mainly support school administration and that placement organisation often relies on manual or spreadsheet-based workarounds. The resulting web-based platform enables comprehensive placement planning in one integrated solution. In an initial evaluation (n=12), planners and practice coordinators rated usability and functionality positively, highlighting reduced effort, increased transparency, and improved coordination across training networks. Participants perceived that improved transparency, and coordination could support better use of existing training capacity, subject to local constraints. The findings underscore the relevance of a dedicated placement-planning solution distinct from conventional school administration software.

References

Adhikari, R., & Smith, P. (2023). Global nursing workforce challenges: Time for a paradigm shift. Nurse Education in Practice, 69, Article 103627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103627

Agnello, D. M., Smith, N., Vogelsang, M., Steiner, A., An, Q., de Boer, J., Calo, F., Delfmann, L., Hutcheon, D., Longworth, G. R., Loisel, Q., Mazzei, M., McCaffrey, L., Renzella, J., & Chastin, S. (2025). Developing and validating the co-creation rainbow framework for intrinsic evaluation of methods: a health CASCADE structured review of models representing co-creation principles. Health research policy and systems, 23(1), 127. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-025-01381-1

Bamberg, C., Kasper, N., Korff, M., Herbold, R. & Fleckenstein, T. (2023). Moderne Stationsorganisation im Krankenhaus. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-67158-0

Benlian, A., Hess, T. & Buxmann, P. (2009). Drivers of SaaS-Adoption – An Empirical Study of Different Application Types. Bus. Inf. Syst. Eng. 1, 357–369 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-009-0068-x

Glover, W. J., Crocker, A., & Brush, C. G. (2024). Healthcare entrepreneurship: An integrative framework for future research. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 22, e00476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2024.e00476

Gupta, V. (2023). Requirements Engineering für Softwareanwendungen im sozialen Sektor: Innovationen für eine Vielzahl von Nutzerbedürfnissen. Springer International Publishing; Imprint Springer VS. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45820-0

Kilfoy, A., Hsu, T.-C. C., Stockton-Powdrell, C., Whelan, P., Chu, C. H., & Jibb, L. (2024). An umbrella review on how digital health intervention co-design is conducted and described. npj Digital Medicine, 7, 374. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-024-01385-1

Kim, W. C., & Mauborgne, R. (2005). Blue ocean strategy: How to create uncontested market space and make the competition irrelevant. Harvard Business School Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2008.02.003

Kümpel, T., Schlenkrich, K. & Heupel, T. (2022). Controlling & Innovation 2022. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-36484-7

Lauxen, O., Ender, C. & Morici, S. (2022). KOMPASS-Studie: Abschlussbericht. Institut für Wirtschaft, Arbeit und Kultur (IWAK), Goethe-Universität-Frankfurt a.M. https://kompass.rlp.de/themenspeicher/kompass-studie/

Lukuc, S. (2021). Generalistik: Ausbildung mit hohem Aufwand: PflegeManagement. Pflege(74), 19–21

Lux, G. & Matusiewicz, D. (2022). Pflegemanagement und Innovation in der Pflege: Wie sich Mensch und Maschine sinnvoll ergänzen. FOM-Edition. FOM Hochschule; Springer Gabler Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH

Mucha, J., Kaufmann, A., & Riehle, D. (2024). A systematic literature review of pre-requirements specification traceability. Requirements Engineering, 29, 119–141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00766-023-00412-z

Pflegeberufegesetz (PflBG) vom 17. Juli 2017 (BGBl. I S. 2581), zuletzt geändert durch Artikel 2a des Gesetzes vom 12. Dezember 2023 (BGBl. I Nr. 359).

Rigtering, C., Spaans, L. J., & de Jong, J. P. J. (2023). How to bridge the nurse innovation–diffusion gap? An in-depth case study of Create4Care. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1209965. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1209965

Stompff, G., van Bruinessen, T., & Smulders, F. (2022). The generative dance of design inquiry: Exploring Dewey’s pragmatism for design research. Design Studies, 83, 101136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2022.101136

Talwar, S., Dhir, A., Islam, N., Kaur, P., & Almusharraf, A. (2023). Resistance of multiple stakeholders to e-health innovations: Integration of fundamental insights and guiding research paths. Journal of Business Research, 166, 114135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114135

Tsangaris, E., et al. (2022). User-centered design and agile development of a novel mobile health application and clinician dashboard. BMJ Surgery, Interventions, & Health Technologies, 4(1), e000119. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsit-2021-000119

World Health Organization. (2025, May 12). Nursing workforce grows, but inequities threaten global health goals [News release]. https://www.who.int/news/item/12-05-2025-nursing-workforce-grows--but-inequities-threaten-global-health-goals

Downloads

Additional Files

Published

2026-05-27

How to Cite

Markus, C., Wanner, L., & Fraunhofer, A. (2026). From Spreadsheet Workarounds to an Innovation Experiment: Co-Creating a Clinical Placement Planning Prototype in Nursing Education. CERN IdeaSquare Journal of Experimental Innovation, 10(1), 29–33. https://doi.org/10.23726/cij.2026.1760